Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is an indicator which is able to measure the growth status and coverage of vegetation on the surface. It has been widely used at home and abroad for the quantitative identification and monitor of drought. Thus against the background of meteorological drought, NDVI in drought period is calculated in order to establish the drought risk diagnosis model of maize which is able to reflect the agricultural drought risk by the response of drought from crops. The NDVI under meteorological drought is used to build the drought risk diagnosis model of maize for assessing the drought risk of maize during the typical drought period of typical years in the study area. K-Mean method is used to divide risks into three levels, namely, low, moderate, and high. Then the grade maps of risk are drawn by GIS and RS. And the temporal and spatial distribution of drought risk of maize is dynamically analyzed. The analysis result shows that based on the time changes of maize drought risk, because of water effect on soil, precipitation anomaly percentage at drought period in typical years is not completely inverse proportional to the drought risk of maize; based on the drought spatial distribution features of maize, drought risk, which is affected by the latitude, altitude, and drought control ability, has a large differences between the north and south. The study on the temporal and spatial dynamic distribution of the drought risk of maize could provide a scientific basis for learning the occurrence and development of drought and making defense strategies based on local conditions for government departments and the farmers.