为了研究水生植物对焦化废水的净化效果,本文运用重铬酸钾法和纳氏试剂分光光度法分析了轮藻、豆瓣菜、刚毛藻、菹草、红蓼、芦苇6种水生植物对焦化废水中氨氮、化学需氧量(COD)的去除作用。结果显示,6种水生植物对焦化废水中氨氮和COD均有较好的去除效果。6种水生植物处理焦化废水5—7d后,去除效果可达到平衡,继续延长处理时间,去除效果没有显著性变化(P > 0.05)。轮藻、豆瓣菜、刚毛藻、菹草、红蓼、芦苇对焦化废水中氨氮的最大去除率分别为20.38%、19.37%、23.61%、22.59%、21.77%、32.4%;对焦化废水中COD的最大去除率分别为27.51%、27.13%、18.63%、17.03%、25.72%、69.04%。其中芦苇对焦化废水中氨氮及COD的去除效果最好,且与其他植物有显著性差异(P < 0.05)。

In order to study the purification effect of aquatic plants in the treatment of the coking wastewater, Chara sp., Nasturium officinale, Cladophora sp., Potamogeton crispus, Polygonum orientale, and Phragmites australis were, respectively, used to remove ammonia-nitrogen and COD from the coking wastewater, with the Nessler's reagent colorimetric methods and the dichromate potassium methods. The results indicate that these six kinds of aquatic plants have high removal effects for ammonia-nitrogen and COD. Their removal effects of ammonia-nitrogen and COD reach a saturation state after treating for 5 to 7 days. Then, the removal effects do not increase significantly (P > 0.05) with extending the treatment time. The best removal efficiency for the ammonia-nitrogen in the coking wastewater by using Chara sp., Nasturium officinale, Cladophora sp., Potamogeton crispus, Polygonum orientale, and Phragmites australis is 20.38%, 19.37%, 23.61%, 22.59%, 21.77%, and 32.4%, respectively. The best removal efficiency for the COD in the coking wastewater by using Chara sp., Nasturium officinale, Cladophora sp., Potamogeton crispus, Polygonum orientale, and Phragmites australis is 27.51%, 27.13%, 18.63%, 17.03%, 25.72%, and 69.04%, respectively. Compared with the other 5 kinds of plants, Phragmites australis has the highest (P < 0.05) removal effect for ammonia-nitrogen and COD.