沥青在储存、运输和使用过程中,由于环境作用会产生静态硬化和氧化硬化,使沥青的物理性质和流变特性发生改变,影响沥青的性能和沥青路面的使用性能及耐久性。为了研究老化前后沥青的性质变化规律,分析沥青的老化行为及抗老化性能,对克拉玛依90#沥青进行了旋转薄膜烘箱试验(RTFOT),并采用针入度、延度、软化点、黏度等指标研究了沥青的性质与老化时的关系。利用灰色系统理论和突变理论考查了沥青老化过程中性能指标的变化规律,在利用试验数据的基础上,应用突变理论中的尖点突变模型,建立了沥青老化的灰色尖点突变评价体系,并得出了沥青性能与老化时间的突变势函数,从突变理论的角度分析了不同时间沥青老化的性能变化规律。结果表明,克拉玛依90#沥青的老化过程存在突变现象,表明突变理论对沥青的老化规律进行分析是可行的,能够较为精确地预测沥青的老化规律。突变理论的分析表明,沥青老化后的性能突变与内部沥青组分老化反应之间存在滞后现象。为路面具有更长的服务寿命,应采取适当措施延长沥青老化突变时间。

The changes due to evaporation, oxidation, and polymerization in the internal structure of asphalt and other reactions could change the nature of asphalt and the performance of asphalt mixture, and have influence on the life and durability of the pavement during the storage, transport, mixing, construction, and long-term use of asphalt. In order to study the influences of aging on asphalt performance, the regulation of material physics property change was analyzed. The RTFOT experiment was applied to study on the performance attenuation of 90# asphalt based on the indexes of penetration, ductility, softening point, and viscosity. According to the principle of evaluating system stability with the variable tendency of its compatibility, the catastrophic potential function between asphalt performance and aging time was built based on the test data, and then the destabilization of asphalt aging was predicted by the grey-cusp-catastrophic destabilization prediction model. The research results are shown as follows: the catastrophe of asphalt exits in the aging process; and hysteresis phenomenon exits between catastrophe and aging actions. It is indicated that the catastrophe theory on the asphalt aging is feasible, and is able to predict the rule of asphalt aging more accurately. In order to make the asphalt pavement have the longer services life, the measures should be taken to extend the occurring time of catastrophe.