进入21世纪后，美国的页岩气取得突破，在全球范围内产生了巨大影响，使其成为世界最大的石油和天然气生产国。中国在"耽误10年"后急起直追，目前已经成为除北美外世界另一页岩气生产地区，但依然存在一些问题。本文指出目前中国发展页岩气存在的问题，如适用成套技术与装备体系不完善、矿业权管理与准入退出机制不规范、激励政策不全面、环境保护政策不规范等，并提出相应的建议。新时代高效推进供给侧结构性改革及能源生产与消费革命、促进绿色低碳发展、培育新的经济增长点，页岩气（油）将发挥重要作用，但需要全面的产业政策支持。

When the world entered into the new millennium, the US made breakthrough in shale gas industry under a flat gas price level in the first decade, resulted in the US becoming the first oil and gas producer in the world even further. With abundant shale resource and in badly need of cleaner energy, China is now endeavoring to overtake others in shale gas industry and has become the leading producer after US and Canada, but there are still some problems. This paper points out the problems existing in the development of shale gas in China, such as lacks the knowledge of shale gas and oil formation, the complete set of technology and equipment system is not perfect, without standardized mineral rights management and entry-and-exit mechanism and non-standard environmental protection policies, and puts forward corresponding suggestions. To promote China's shale gas industry, we have to streamline the mineral rights management and landuse policies, environmental policies, technological policies, financial and taxation policies and industrial policies.