在20世纪80年代以前，一直认为消化性疾病是非感染性疾病，“无酸无溃疡”的定律决定着临床医师对这类患者的诊断、治疗与预防。然而，幽门螺杆菌（Helicobacter pylori，H. pylori，简称Hp）的发现从本质上更新了这一定律，并成为人类胃肠病防治与研究史上的一次革命。1982 年由澳大利亚B.Marshall及R. Warren首次从患者胃黏膜活检标本中分离、培养出幽门螺杆菌，接着Marshall亲自吞服该菌进行感染试验，结果证实幽门螺杆菌感染可引起胃炎[1]。Marshall及Warren也因发现了幽门螺杆菌以及这种细菌在胃炎和胃溃疡等疾病中的作用，被授予2005年度诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。
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