岩石的细观结构影响其受载过程中的能量行为。从岩石基元平均强度、均质度和细观特征尺度等3种细观特征入手,研究了其对特征能量参数和能量特征指数的影响规律。结果表明:(1)基元平均强度越大,相同应力比下的输入能量密度和积聚弹性能密度呈非线性增长;峰后所需耗散能密度变化不大,约为500～2000J/m3;弹性能转化率变小;岩样能量特征指数呈指数型增长。(2)随着均质度的升高,峰前输入能量密度和积聚弹性能密度都呈线性增长;峰后破坏所需耗散能降低;越来越多的能量转化为弹性能积聚在岩石内;能量特征指数线性增大。(3)细观特征尺度越大,外界输入能量和积聚弹性能都增大,但幅度不同;峰后破坏所需耗散能越大;弹性能转化比例越低;当细观特征尺度小于1mm时,能量特征指数大幅减小,而当其大于1mm时,变化不大。
The meso-structure of rock affects its energy behavior during loading process. From three meso-characteristics, that is, mean strength of rock element, homogeneity, and meso-characteristic scale, their influential rule involving five characteristic energy parameters as well as four energy characteristic indexes is discussed. The results show that (1) with the increasing the mean strength of rock element, the input energy density and elastic energy density go up nonlinearly while stress ratio is same; the dissipated energy after peak strength changes a little, about 500～2000J/m3; conversion rate to elastic energy decreases; energy characteristic indexes of rock sample increase exponentially. (2) As the homogeneity raises, the input energy density and elastic energy density before peak strength increase linearly; the dissipated energy after peak strength reduces; more and more input energy translates into elastic energy accumulated in rock; the energy characteristic indexes enlarge linearly. (3) The larger the meso-characteristic scale is, the more the input energy and the elastic energy with different ranges is; the more the dissipated energy after peak strength is, the lower the conversion efficiency into elastic energy is. The energy characteristic indexes decrease by a large margin when meso-characteristic scale is smaller than 1mm and decrease only a little when meso-characteristic scale is larger than 1mm.
